materials and techniques
Three-dimensional design is plentiful in my tables and lamps. Using mica mineral and stained glass, my shades complement flame-painted and solid-colored metal art funishings.

metal finishes
Three techniques are used: Flame-painting, hand-texturing, and powder-coating.

- Flame-painting is a process by which different torch temperatures are used to bring the carbon to the surface of the metal, producing subtle hues of red, yellow, and blue.

- Hand-texturing involves surface conditioning using different grindings and grits to produce a wide variety of grain or no grain, lines, and swirls.

- Powder-coating is applied to the metal by means of an electro-magnetic charge and then baked, causing the powder to merge with the steel.

A clear lacquer overcoat is used to preserve color consistency over the lifetime of the metal and to prevent oxidation.